Malaysia is currently facing a pressing challenge – the decline in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) intake among students. This trend is a cause for concern as STEM fields are the driving force behind technological progress and economic growth.
In this article, we will explore the root causes of the diminishing interest in STEM education, examine the justifications for addressing this issue, and propose evidence-based solutions to reverse this trend, with an eye on the implications for Malaysia’s future.
Several key factors contribute to the declining interest in STEM education in Malaysia due to the lack of awareness, especially due to post-COVID-19, which halted almost everything near us.
A significant number of students and parents are not fully aware of the diverse and lucrative career opportunities available in STEM fields, and this is the same problem that TVET is facing. This lack of awareness often leads students to pursue other academic paths which are not aligned with the government’s initiative and world demands, especially with our Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) initiative.
STEM subjects are often considered challenging, and many students are deterred by the notion that they are difficult to master. This misconception can discourage young minds from pursuing STEM education. In addition, many schools in Malaysia lack adequate funding and resources for STEM programs, especially those in rural areas in Sabah and Sarawak.
Without access to modern laboratories, equipment, internet access, and well-trained teachers, students may miss out on hands-on experiences, which are essential for igniting a passion for STEM.
The shortage of qualified STEM teachers has been an ongoing issue in Malaysia, especially in rural areas, as well due to brain drain, which is becoming a big concern in Malaysia, with an accumulative of almost 3.8 million this year. Without capable educators, students struggle to grasp complex concepts, which can lead to a lack of interest in STEM subjects.
Addressing the decline in STEAM intake is crucial for several reasons, each with far-reaching implications for Malaysia’s future, especially in terms of economic development.
STEM fields are pivotal to economic development and technological advancement. A shortage of STEM professionals could hinder Malaysia’s ability to compete globally and participate in the knowledge-based economy of the 21st century, where the digital world is progressing, making it more open and challenging.
STEM graduates are in high demand globally, and encouraging more students to pursue STEM careers would increase their employability, subsequently reducing unemployment rates, especially in Malaysia. STEM professionals are at the forefront of innovation and research, contributing to advancements in various sectors such as healthcare, green technology, and information technology.
A decline in STEM intake could stifle the nation’s progress in these areas. A nation’s STEM workforce is a key indicator of its global competitiveness. To remain competitive, Malaysia must invest in STEM education to produce a skilled workforce capable of contributing to technological innovation and economic growth.
STEM fields have the potential to improve the overall quality of life. Advancements in healthcare, infrastructure, and technology can positively impact the well-being of Malaysian citizens.
To address the decline in STEM intake, Malaysia can implement a set of evidence-based solutions, especially raising awareness. A nationwide campaign should be initiated to raise awareness about the importance and opportunities in STEM education and careers. This campaign should target students, parents, and educators, emphasizing the exciting prospects in STEM fields.
Educational institutions should provide comprehensive career counseling that highlights the potential paths and opportunities within STEM. This would enable students to make informed decisions about their future.
The STEM curriculum should be revised to make it more engaging and practical. It should incorporate real-world applications and hands-on problem-solving, making STEM subjects less intimidating and more appealing to students. The government and private sector should invest in STEM infrastructure, providing schools and colleges with modern laboratories, equipment, and well-trained teachers.
This would enhance students’ exposure to STEM and improve their learning experiences. Initiatives to train and recruit more STEM teachers should be established. Scholarships and incentives can be offered to attract individuals with STEM expertise into the teaching profession.
Encouraging girls to pursue STEM fields is crucial. Programs and scholarships aimed at increasing female participation in STEM can help bridge the gender gap in these fields. Collaboration with the private sector can provide students with real-world exposure to STEM careers. Internships, apprenticeships, and mentorship programs can give students a taste of what it’s like to work in STEM professions.
To make STEM education more accessible, financial aid and scholarships should be available to deserving students who may otherwise be unable to afford higher education in STEM fields.
Increased funding for research and innovation in STEM can incentivize students to pursue these fields by showcasing the possibilities for making groundbreaking contributions as well as encouraging the formation of STEM-related extracurricular clubs and participation in national and international STEM competitions. These activities can nurture a passion for STEM from a young age.
Implementing these solutions would have several positive implications for Malaysia, especially the economic growth. An increased focus on STEM education would lead to a skilled STEM workforce, fostering innovation, technological advancements, and economic growth. A larger pool of STEM graduates would reduce unemployment rates and increase the employability of Malaysian citizens.
Malaysia would become a hub for innovation and research, attracting global attention and investment in various sectors. By producing a skilled STEM workforce, Malaysia would enhance its global competitiveness, positioning itself as a knowledge-based economy. Advancements in healthcare, technology, and infrastructure would contribute to an improved quality of life for all citizens.
Encouraging girls to pursue STEM fields would promote gender equality in these professions, leading to diverse and inclusive innovation. A reinvigorated focus on STEM education would lead to Malaysia gaining international recognition for its contributions to science and technology.
The decline in STEM intake in Malaysia is a critical issue that demands immediate attention. Addressing this trend is not just a matter of educational reform but a strategic investment in the nation’s future.
By implementing evidence-based solutions that raise awareness, enhance resources, and promote STEM education, Malaysia can reverse the decline in STEM intake, ensuring a brighter, more prosperous future for the country and its citizens.
Ts. Dr. Hj. Muhammad Khusairy Bin Capt. Hj. Bakri is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University (WSU), a Faculty-Staff member for the Center of Bioplastics and Biocomposites (CB2) for North Dakota State University, United States of America, and a Lead Research and Development Sector of the Association of Professional Technicians and Technologists (APTT) Sarawak, Listed and indexed in the “Science and Research” category on the Fifth Edition of “Successful People in Malaysia” by Britishpedia as a successful young researcher in Malaysia published by British Publishing House Ltd., working on composite materials from the forest and industry products.
